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2010| January | Volume 131 | Issue 1
Online since
April 16, 2011
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REVIEW ARTICLES
Hepatitis C virus : molecular biology & current therapeutic options
Suresh D Sharma
January 2010, 131(1):17-34
PMID
:20167971
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small (approximately 55 to 65 nm), spherical, enveloped, hepatotropic RNA virus that causes acute and chronic hepatitis in humans. Persistent virus infection with HCV often leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). At present there is neither a selective antiviral therapy nor a preventive vaccine. The only available treatment option is a long-acting pegylated-interferon-alpha, given in combination with nucleoside analog ribavirin, which is not very effective. Molecular studies of HCV began with the successful cloning of its genome in 1989. For many years, research to develop therapeutics was stalled by the inability to grow virus in tissue culture. A major milestone was achieved with the recent development of a robust cell culture system for HCV propagation. HCV proteins assemble and form replication complexes on modified host membranes, called as membranous webs. Even though HCV is detected and targeted by host immune mechanisms, it establishes and maintains a life-long persistent infection. HCV has evolved multiple strategies to survive and persist in hostile cellular environments; and the viral population is known to rapidly change during the course of a natural infection thereby escaping immune surveillance. Rapid mutations also help virus to survive by selecting for the variants which are resistant to antiviral drugs. Although precise mechanisms regulating HCV entry into hepatic cells via receptors remain unknown, HCV also has the capability of direct cell-to-cell transmission. The extremely complex and incompletely understood nature of the HCV lifecycle has complicated the discovery of new therapies. A complete understanding of the functional roles played by the HCV proteins during HCV lifecycle is vital for developing a successful cure. This review deals with current status of efforts in addressing these daunting tasks and challenges in developing therapeutics against chronic and rapidly changing hepatitis C virus.
[ABSTRACT]
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Risk factor profile for chronic non-communicable diseases : results of a community-based study in Kerala, India
KR Thankappan, B Shah, P Mathur, PS Sarma, G Srinivas, GK Mini, M Daivadanam, B Soman, Ramachandran S Vasan
January 2010, 131(1):53-63
PMID
:20167974
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[PubMed]
155
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REVIEW ARTICLES
Comparison of Uhl's anomaly, right ventricular outflow tract ventricular tachycardia (RVOT VT) & arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) with an insight into genetics of ARVD/C
Pranathi R Pamuru, Maithili V Dokuparthi, S Remersu, N Calambur, P Nallari
January 2010, 131(1):35-45
PMID
:20167972
Among the right ventricular conditions, Uhl's anomaly, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia / cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) and right ventricular outflow tract ventricular tachycardia (RVOT VT) are disorders that exhibit pathogenic changes involving the right ventricular (RV) myocardium, and are expected to be severe or milder forms of the same condition. The review focuses on the aspect whether the three RV disorders are a spectrum of the same disease. ARVD/C is the only condition among these to be genetically well characterized. Also, variations in the clinical expression of ARVD/C due to the genetic heterogeneity are examined. Based on clinical manifestations, age at onset, gender ratio and the possible molecular mechanisms implicated, Uhl's anomaly, ARVD/C and RVOT VT may be considered as separate entities. Further, to differentiate between the three RV disorders, the molecular studies on ARVD/C might be helpful. An attempt was made to differentiate between the eleven different types of ARVD/Cs based on clinical symptoms presented including the progression of the disease to the left ventricle, ventricular arrhythmias and clinical characteristics like ECG, SAECG, ECHO and histopathological studies.
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Pediatric urinary tract infections in a tertiary care center from north India
N Taneja, Shiv Sekhar Chatterjee, M Singh, S Singh, M Sharma
January 2010, 131(1):101-105
PMID
:20167982
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[PubMed]
127
825
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Sero diagnosis of Legionella infection in community acquired pneumonia
S Javed, R Chaudhry, K Passi, S Sharma, P K, B Dhawan, AB Dey
January 2010, 131(1):92-96
PMID
:20167980
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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in psychiatric inpatients in a tertiary care centre in north India
Surendra K Mattoo, Shubh Mohan Singh
January 2010, 131(1):46-52
PMID
:20167973
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[PubMed]
148
588
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Renal functional & haemodynamic changes following acute unilateral renal denervation in Sprague Dawley rats
Ibrahim M Salman, Munavvar A Sattar, Nor A Abdullah, Omar Z Ameer, Fathihah Basri Hussain, Md Abdul Hye Khan, Mun Fei Yam, Kolla R Rathore, Raisa N Kazi, Harith M Salman, Edward J Johns
January 2010, 131(1):76-82
PMID
:20167977
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489
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R659X mutation in the MLH1 gene in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer(HNPCC) in an Indian extended family
S Rajender, S Pooja, MV Kumar, R Karwasra, L Singh, K Thangaraj
January 2010, 131(1):64-70
PMID
:20167975
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Aetiology & risk factors of recurrent vaginitis & its association with various contraceptive methods
J Thulkar, A Kriplani, N Agarwal, S Vishnubhatla
January 2010, 131(1):83-87
PMID
:20167978
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Interobserver variation in the interpretation of Nugent scoring method for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis
S Mohanty, S Sood, A Kapil, S Mittal
January 2010, 131(1):88-91
PMID
:20167979
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Distribution of XRCC1 genotypes in north Indian population
M Kiran, R Saxena, J Kaur
January 2010, 131(1):71-75
PMID
:20167976
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COMMENTARIES
Prevention of non communicable diseases(NCDs) : holistic approach needed
TN Sugathan
January 2010, 131(1):14-16
PMID
:20167970
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Effect of measles virus (MV) on mitochondrial respiration
M Derakhshan
January 2010, 131(1):97-100
PMID
:20167981
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COMMENTARIES
Metabolic syndrome in mental disorders
R Padmavati
January 2010, 131(1):11-13
PMID
:20167969
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EDITORIALS
Supercentenarians : the oldest people in the world
M Motta, E Cardillo, M Vacante, M Malaguarnera
January 2010, 131(1):4-6
PMID
:20167967
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103
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CORRESPONDENCES
Additive effects of Hyptis martiusii Benth with aminoglycosides against Escherichia coli.
Henrique D Coutinho, Jose G Lima, Jose P Siqueira-Junior
January 2010, 131(1):106-108
PMID
:20167983
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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in India
T Jacob John
January 2010, 131(1):109-110
PMID
:20167984
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EDITORIALS
India, China, and the world
K Satyanarayana
January 2010, 131(1):7-10
PMID
:20167968
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113
154
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Oral cholera vaccines--a call for action
D Sur, G Balakrish Nair, Anna Lena Lopez, John D Clemens, Viswa Mohan Katoch, Nirmal Kumar Ganguly
January 2010, 131(1):1-3
PMID
:20167966
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ANNOUNCEMENTS
Announcements
January 2010, 131(1):114-114
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BOOK REVIEWS
Book Reviews
January 2010, 131(1):111-112
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SOME FORTHCOMING SCIENTIFIC EVENTS
Some forthcoming scientific events
January 2010, 131(1):113-113
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71
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© Indian Journal of Medical Research | Published by Wolters Kluwer -
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Online since 25 February, 2011