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2009| July | Volume 130 | Issue 1
Online since
April 20, 2011
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CORRESPONDENCES
Clinical trial registration gains momentum in India
A Pandey, A Aggarwal, M Maulik, SD Seth
July 2009, 130(1):85-86
PMID
:19700807
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[PubMed]
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REVIEW ARTICLES
HIV & smoking in India
S Ramesh Kumar, S Swaminathan, T Flanigan, KH Mayer, R Niaura
July 2009, 130(1):15-22
PMID
:19700796
There are approximately 2.5 million people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in India - the young being particularly vulnerable. The prevalence of smoking has increased in India especially among rural, lower socio-economic and illiterate men. Studies have shown that HIV-infected smokers may be at additional risk for several infectious and non-infectious complications, including malignancies and cardiovascular events. Smoking alters immunological mechanisms and suppresses host defenses in the alveolar environment. HIV-infected smokers have also been found to have a poorer response to antiretroviral therapy and a higher risk of death. HIV-infected individuals who smoke could be at a greater risk for developing TB and subsequently suffer higher morbidity and mortality than those who do not smoke. Currently available smoking cessation interventions like physician's advice, nicotine replacement therapy and pharmacological agents like bupropion and varenicline have had varying degrees of success. Smoking cessation intervention in the HIV-infected population might be more complex because of associated psychosocial problems like drug addiction, alcoholism, depression, etc. More research including clinical trials testing the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions in HIV infected persons is required in India. In addition to public health measures like banning smoking in public places and raising tobacco tax, comprehensive guidelines for health workers can help address this problem. Counselling on smoking cessation should be one of the main components of primary care, especially in the management of HIV-infected persons. This review highlights the importance of smoking cessation among HIV-infected persons in India.
[ABSTRACT]
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Clinical & pathological features of acute toxicity due to Cassia occidentalis in vertebrates
VM Vashishtha, TJ John, A Kumar
July 2009, 130(1):23-30
PMID
:19700797
Cassia occidentalis is an annual shrub found in many countries including India. Although bovines and ovines do not eat it, parts of the plant are used in some traditional herbal medicines. Several animal studies have documented that fresh or dried beans are toxic. Ingestion of large amounts by grazing animals has caused serious illness and death. The toxic effects in large animals, rodents and chicken are on skeletal muscles, liver, kidney and heart. The predominant systems involved depend upon the animal species and the dose of the beans consumed. Brain functions are often affected. Gross lesions at necropsy consist of necrosis of skeletal muscle fibres and hepatic centrilobular necrosis; renal tubular necrosis is less frequent. Muscle and liver cell necrosis is reflected in biochemical abnormalities. The median lethal dose (LD(50)) is 1 g/kg for mice and rats. Toxicity is attributed to various anthraquinones and their derivatives and alkaloids, but the specific toxins have not been identified. Data on human toxicity are extremely scarce. This review summarizes information available on Cassia toxicity in animals and compares it with toxic features reported in children. The clinical spectrum and histopathology of C. occidentalis poisoning in children resemble those of animal toxicity, affecting mainly hepatic, skeletal muscle and brain tissues. The case-fatality rate in acute severe poisoning is 75-80 per cent in children.
[ABSTRACT]
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Risk factors associated with leptospirosis during an outbreak in Middle Andaman, India
AP Sugunan, P Vijayachari, S Sharma, S Roy, P Manickam, K Natarajaseenivasan, MD Gupte, SC Sehgal
July 2009, 130(1):67-73
PMID
:19700804
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[PubMed]
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Laboratory studies on mosquito larvicidal efficacy of aqueous & hexane extracts of dried fruit of Solanum nigrum Linn
K Raghavendra, SP Singh, Sarala K Subbarao, AP Dash
July 2009, 130(1):74-77
PMID
:19700805
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EDITORIALS
Public health is infrastructure for human development
T Jacob John, J Muliyil
July 2009, 130(1):9-11
PMID
:19700794
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[PubMed]
143
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BOOK REVIEW
Implementing the WHO stop TB strategy: A handbook for national tuberculosis control programmes
D Behera
July 2009, 130(1):95-96
Full text not available
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144
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
A clinical prediction rule to identify patients with tuberculosis at high risk for HIV co-infection
SK Sharma, T Kadhiravan, A Banga
July 2009, 130(1):51-57
PMID
:19700801
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Cytokine response to dietary rehabilitation with curd (Indian dahi) & leaf protein concentrate in malnourished children
P Dewan, IR Kaur, MM Faridi, KN Agarwal
July 2009, 130(1):31-36
PMID
:19700798
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Binding characteristics of sperm with recombinant human zona pellucida glycoprotein-3 coated beads
P Bansal, SK Gupta
July 2009, 130(1):37-43
PMID
:19700799
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[PubMed]
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CORRESPONDENCES
Challenges of haemophilia care in India : lest we forget
K Ghosh
July 2009, 130(1):87-88
PMID
:19700808
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[PubMed]
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Application of PCR based-RFLP for species identification of ocular isolates of methicillin resistant staphylococci (MRS)
J Malathi, M Sowmiya, S Margarita, HN Madhavan, K Lily Therese
July 2009, 130(1):78-84
PMID
:19700806
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COMMENTARY
Cytokine response in malnutrition
KE Elizabeth
July 2009, 130(1):12-13
PMID
:19700795
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EDITORIALS
Diabetes & tuberculosis : a dangerous liaison & no white tiger
F Young, J Critchley, N Unwin
July 2009, 130(1):1-4
PMID
:19700792
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Comparative growth pattern of multi drug resistance versus susceptible isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice lungs
S Dave, J Faujdar, P Kumar, P Gupta, R Das, D Parasher, DS Chauhan, M Natrajan, UD Gupta, VM Katoch
July 2009, 130(1):58-62
PMID
:19700802
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CORRESPONDENCES
Could HIV-associated nephropathy be associated with Mycoplasma infection?
Mark S Dworkin, Susan E Buskin, Mauro S Torno, Deborah F Talkington, M Zhang, Jeffrey L Jones, Jay C Butler, AD McNaghten
July 2009, 130(1):89-92
PMID
:19700809
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EDITORIALS
Can helper T-17 cells play a role in dengue haemorrhagic fever?
N Gupta, UC Chaturvedi
July 2009, 130(1):5-8
PMID
:19700793
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CORRESPONDENCES
The Employment Conditions Network final report is a political, anti-neoliberal & welfare state move
A Sarkar, C Muntaner, H Chung, J Benach
July 2009, 130(1):93-94
PMID
:19700810
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BOOK RECEIVED
Books Received
July 2009, 130(1):97-97
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CORRESPONDENCES
Authors' response
KR Nayar, Sonali Sahni Kapoor
July 2009, 130(1):94-94
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Opportunistic parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients presenting with diarrhoea by the level of immunesuppression
SV Kulkarni, R Kairon, SS Sane, PS Padmawar, VA Kale, MR Thakar, SM Mehendale, AR Risbud
July 2009, 130(1):63-66
PMID
:19700803
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SOME FORTHCOMING SCIENTIFIC EVENTS
Some Forthcoming Scientific Events
July 2009, 130(1):98-98
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Changes in the cardiac autonomic regulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
I Tonhajzerova, I Ondrejka, P Adamik, R Hruby, M Javorka, Z Trunkvalterova, D Mokra, K Javorka
July 2009, 130(1):44-50
PMID
:19700800
Full text not available
[PubMed]
128
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ANNOUNCEMENT
Announcement
July 2009, 130(1):97-97
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Online since 25 February, 2011
Users Online: 112
