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EDITORIALS |
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Influenza A (H1N1) : responding to a pandemic threat |
p. 465 |
Jai P Narain, R Bhatia PMID:19675370 |
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Pictorial health warnings are a must for effective tobacco control |
p. 468 |
K Srinath Reddy, M Arora PMID:19675371 |
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Salt never calls itself sweet |
p. 472 |
Ragavendra R Baliga, J Narula PMID:19675372 |
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COMMENTARIES |
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TPMT gene polymorphisms : on the doorstep of personalized medicine |
p. 478 |
S Pavlovic PMID:19675373 |
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Metabolic syndrome as a marker of risk in type 2 diabetes |
p. 481 |
R Gupta PMID:19675374 |
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REVIEW ARTICLE |
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Diet & insulin resistance : a review & Asian Indian perspective  |
p. 485 |
S Isharwal, A Misra, JS Wasir, P Nigam PMID:19675375Insulin resistance is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). These abnormalities have been aggravated because of imbalanced and excess nutrition in developed countries, and rapid nutritional and lifestyle transition occurring in developing countries. This review presents evidence linking dietary nutrients with insulin resistance and its metabolic correlates, and also describes these issues from a Asian Indians and South Asian perspective. Despite possible influences from genetic and perinatal factors, diet and physical activity are likely to have greater and often overriding influence in pathogenesis of the insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and T2DM. In animal studies, a link has been established between dietary nutrients and insulin resistance. However, in human studies evidence is not as strong as in animals. Data suggest that dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) improve lipid profile and may have beneficial effect on insulin resistance. Dietary saturated fatty acids intake is positively associated with insulin resistance. Also, low glycaemic index foods and whole grain intake decrease insulin resistance. Importantly, high carbohydrate diets increase plasma triglycerides, cause hyperinsulinaemia and decreases low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Among micronutrients, high magnesium and calcium intake have been reported to decrease insulin resistance. High intake of dietary carbohydrate and omega-6 PUFAs, low intake of omega-3 PUFAs and fiber, and high omega -6/omega-3 PUFAs ratio have been reported in South Asians. Our recent investigations have shown that increased dietary omega-6 PUFAs and saturated fat intake are significantly associated with fasting hyperinsulinaemia and sub-clinical inflammation, respectively. Such imbalanced diets contribute to high prevalence of insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome and T2DM in South Asians and Asian Indians. |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
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Application of SNaPshot for analysis of thiopurine methyltransferase gene polymorphism |
p. 500 |
G Kapoor, A Maitra, Somlata , V Brahmachari PMID:19675376 |
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Predictors of metabolic syndrome in Asian north Indians with newly detected type 2 diabetes |
p. 506 |
E Dhanaraj, A Bhansali, S Jaggi, P Dutta, S Jain, P Tiwari, P Ramarao PMID:19675377 |
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Effects of resistance training on metabolic profile of adults with type 2 diabetes |
p. 515 |
E Arora, S Shenoy, JS Sandhu PMID:19675378 |
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In silico characterization of genetic homology in nuclear-encoded apicoplast-targeted genes between Plasmodium falciparum & P. vivax |
p. 520 |
S Mohanty, S Saklani, M Mahajan PMID:19675379 |
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Identification of novel variants in the COL4A4 gene in Korean patients with thin basement membrane nephropathy |
p. 525 |
JI Baek, SJ Choi, SH Park, JY Choi, CD Kim, YL Kim, UK Kim PMID:19675380 |
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Characterization & evolutionary analysis of human CD36 gene |
p. 534 |
G Awasthi, Aditya P Dash, A Das PMID:19675381 |
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In vitro effect of fluoroquinolones against Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Agra & Kanpur region of north India |
p. 542 |
M Singh, DS Chauhan, P Gupta, R Das, RK Srivastava, P Upadhyay, P Singh, K Srivastava, J Faujdar, G.P.S. Jaudaun, VS Yadav, VD Sharma, K Venkatesan, S Sachan, P Sachan, K Katoch, VM Katoch PMID:19675382 |
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Incomplete immunological recovery following anti-tuberculosis treatment in HIV-infected individuals with active tuberculosis |
p. 548 |
LE Hanna, K Nayak, S Subramanyam, P Venkatesan, PR Narayanan, S Swaminathan PMID:19675383 |
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Methodology for surveillance of antimicrobials use among out-patients in Delhi |
p. 555 |
A Kotwani, K Holloway, RR Chaudhury PMID:19675384 |
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Anti-hyperglycaemic potential of Psidium guajava raw fruit peel |
p. 561 |
Prashant K Rai, D Jaiswal, S Mehta, G Watal PMID:19675385 |
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In vitro interference of Hyptis martiusii Benth. & chlorpromazine against an aminoglycoside-resistant Escherichia coli |
p. 566 |
Henrique D.M. Coutinho, José G.M. Costa, Edeltrudes O Lima, Vivyanne S Falcăo-Silva, José P Siqueira-Júnior PMID:19675386The antibacterial and synergistic activity of the ethanol extract from Hyptis martiusii Benth. was assayed by microdillution. The growth of two isolates of Escherichia coli tested was inhibited by the extract. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) values ranged from 512 and >1024 microg/ml for the E. coli 27 and 1024 and > 1024 microg/ml for the E. coli ATCC8539, respectively. A synergism between this extract and all aminoglycosides assayed was demonstrated. In the same form synergism between chlorpromazine and kanamycin, amikacin and tobramycin was observed, indicating the involvement of an efflux system. Extracts from H. martiusii could be used as a source of plant derived natural products with modifying antibiotic activity and these products may interact and affect multidrug resistance systems (MDR) as efflux pumps. |
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Hepatoprotective activity of six polyherbal formulations in paracetamol induced liver toxicity in mice |
p. 569 |
C Girish, BC Koner, S Jayanthi, KR Rao, B Rajesh, SC Pradhan PMID:19675387 |
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Influenza a virus induced apoptosis : inhibition of DNA laddering & caspase-3 activity by zinc supplementation in cultured HeLa cells |
p. 579 |
V Srivastava, S Rawall, VK Vijayan, M Khanna PMID:19675388 |
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Prolonged constriction of sciatic nerve affecting oxidative stressors & antioxidant enzymes in rat |
p. 587 |
D Varija, KP Kumar, KP Reddy, VK Reddy PMID:19675389 |
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Impact of etofenprox (Vectron® 20 WP) indoor residual spray on malaria transmission |
p. 593 |
U Sreehari, PK Mittal, RK Razdan, AP Dash, MA Ansari PMID:19675390 |
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Faecal carriage of CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with acute gastroenteritis |
p. 599 |
Muzaheed , Y Doi, JM Adams-Haduch, CT Shivannavar, DL Paterson, SM Gaddad PMID:19675391 |
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Effects of progressive muscular relaxation training on quality of life in anxious patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery |
p. 603 |
T Dehdari, A Heidarnia, A Ramezankhani, S Sadeghian, F Ghofranipour PMID:19675392 |
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Plasma paraoxonase activity in patients with systemic sclerosis |
p. 609 |
IB Erguder, S Erten, E Devrim, M Turgay, I Durak PMID:19675393 |
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Epidemiology & antibiograms of Vibrio cholerae isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Chandigarh, north India |
p. 613 |
J Chander, N Kaistha, V Gupta, M Mehta, N Singla, A Deep, BL Sarkar PMID:19675394 |
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CORRESPONDENCE |
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Challenges of introducing vaginal microbicides in India |
p. 618 |
S Joshi, V Kulkarni, R Paranjape, N Chandhiok PMID:19675395 |
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BOOK REVIEW |
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The Cambridge textbook of bioethics |
p. 620 |
GD Ravindran |
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SOME FORTHCOMING SCIENTIFIC EVENTS |
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Some Forthcoming Scientific Events |
p. 622 |
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ANNOUNCEMENT |
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Announcement |
p. 623 |
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