Show all abstracts Show selected abstracts Add to my list |
|
EDITORIALS |
|
|
 |
Mesenchymal stromal cells as regulators of anti-tumour immune response |
p. 139 |
Alessandro Poggi, MR Zocchi DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155530 PMID:25900944 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
International Epilepsy Day - A day notified for global public education & awareness |
p. 143 |
Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Swati Anil Wadhai DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155531 PMID:25900945 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (2) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
COMMENTARIES |
 |
|
|
|
Low-density oligonucleotide microarrays - A major step in Wilson's disease diagnosis |
p. 145 |
Arnab Gupta DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155534 PMID:25900946 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (4) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
An understanding of spinocerebellar ataxia |
p. 148 |
NB Ramachandra, L Kusuma DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155537 PMID:25900947 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (4) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
VIEWPOINTS |
 |
|
|
|
Healthcare agenda for the Indian government |
p. 151 |
Mahaveer Golechha DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155541 PMID:25900948 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (4) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Stem cells, progenitors & regenerative medicine: A retrospection |
p. 154 |
Deepa Bhartiya DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155543 PMID:25900949 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (13) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
COMMENT |
 |
|
|
|
VSELs, stem cells or progenitors - A debate |
p. 154 |
VM Katoch DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155608 PMID:25900950 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
REVIEW ARTICLES |
 |
|
|
|
Undescended testicle: An update on fertility in cryptorchid men  |
p. 163 |
Prabudh Goel, JD Rawat, A Wakhlu, SN Kureel DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155544 PMID:25900951Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is one of the most common anomalies encountered in paediatric urology and is estimated to affect 1 to 4 per cent of full term and upto 30 per cent of preterm male neonates. The associated problems of sub-fertility or infertility and malignant transformation have been recognized for long. Fertility is impaired after both unilateral and bilateral cryptorchidism. The reported paternity rates in adults are about two-third for unilateral undescended testis and less than one-third for bilateral disease. Over the last five decades, the concepts related to cryptorchidism have changed dramatically as knowledge about its effects has accrued from research conducted worldwide. The recommended age of orchidopexy has fallen progressively from adolescence to less than one year. The realization that the infantile testes are not in a state of 'suspended animation' and the recognition of the defect in the androgen dependent transformation of gonocytes into adult dark spermatogonia in cryptorchidism have been recognized as the primary cause of sub-fertility in these patients. This has paved the way for hormone therapy in an attempt to simulate the 'post-natal gonadotropin surge' or 'mini-puberty'. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the various factors affecting the fertility status in cryptorchidism with a particular focus on the derangements in the development and maturation of the germ cells and the role of surgery, hormone therapy and antioxidants in reversing these changes. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (12) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current advances related to Clostridium difficile infection |
p. 172 |
Yong Gil Kim, Byung Ik Jang DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155545 PMID:25900952Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) can trigger various responses, ranging from asymptomatic carriage to fulminant colitis. Hard-to-cure CDI, such as severe CDI, multiple recurrences of CDI, refractory CDI, and hypervirulent strains of C. difficile, require new treatments, although antibiotics such as metronidazole and vancomycin are the treatment of choice for initial and first relapsing CDI. Active immunization with C. difficile toxins and faecal microbiota transplantation deserve special attention. Here we describe these strategies for difficult-to-treat CDI. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
 |
|
|
 |
Development of low-density oligonucleotide microarrays for detecting mutations causing Wilson's disease |
p. 175 |
Manjula Mathur, Ekta Singh, TB Poduval, Akkipeddi V.S.S.N. Rao DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155548 PMID:25900953Background & objectives : Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in ATP7B, a copper transporter gene, leading to hepatic and neuropsychiatric manifestations due to copper accumulation. If diagnosed early, WD patients can be managed by medicines reducing morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of this disease requires a combination of tests and at times is inconclusive due to overlap of the symptoms with other disorders. Genetic testing is the preferred alternative in such cases particularly for individuals with a family history. Use of DNA microarray for detecting mutations in ATP7B gene is gaining popularity because of the advantages it offers in terms of throughput and sensitivity. This study attempts to establish the quality analysis procedures for microarray based diagnosis of Wilson's disease.
Methods: A home-made microarrayer was used to print oligonucleotide based low-density microarrays for addressing 62 mutations causing Wilson's disease reported from Indian population. Inter- and intra- array comparisons were used to study quality of the arrays. The arrays were validated by using mutant samples generated by site directed mutagenesis.
Results: The hybridization reaction were found to be consistent across the surface of a given microarray. Our results have shown that 52 °C post-hybridization wash yields better reproducibility across experiments compared to 42 °C. Our arrays have shown > 80 per cent sensitivity in detecting these 62 mutations.
Interpretation & conclusions: The present results demonstrate the design and evaluation of a low-density microarray for the detection of 62 mutations in ATP7B gene, and show that a microarray based approach can be cost-effective for detecting a large number of mutations simultaneously. This study also provides information on some of the important parameters required for microarray based diagnosis of genetic disorders.
|
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (2) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Spinocerebellar ataxia 7 (SCA7) in Indian population: predilection of ATXN7-CAG expansion mutation in an ethnic population |
p. 187 |
Mohammed Faruq, Achal Kumar Srivastava, Suman Singh, Rohit Gupta, Tanuj Dada, Ajay Garg, Madhuri Behari, Mitali Mukerji DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155556 PMID:25900954Background & objectives : Spinocerebellar ataxia 7 (SCA7) is a rare form of neurodegenerative disorder with the clinical manifestation of cerebellar ataxia and retinal degeneration. In this study we describe the clinico-genetic characteristics of nine SCA7 families of Indian origin and cross compare these with other available worldwide studies.
Methods: Thirty five individuals from nine SCA7 families were clinico-genetically characterized and CAG repeat distribution analysis was carried out in 382 control DNA samples from healthy controls (derived from 21 diverse Indian populations based on ethnic and linguistic and geographical location).
Results: Of the nine families studied, 22 affected individuals and one asymptomatic carrier were identified. The average age at disease onset was 23.4±12.6 yr. The length of expanded CAG ranged from 40-94 with mean value of 53.2±13.9. The main clinical findings in affecteds individuals included cerebellar ataxia, and retinal degeneration along with hyper-reflexia (95%), slow saccades (85%) and spasticity (45%). Analysis of the association of number of CAG repeats with disease onset revealed that <49 repeats were associated with earlier age at onset in South East Asians compared to European populations. Further analysis of CAG repeats from 21 diverse Indian populations showed pre-mutable repeats (28-34) alleles in the IE-N-LP2 population. Six of the nine families identified in this study belonged to the same ethnic population.
Interpretations & conclusion : Our results show that presenece of SCA7 is relatively rare and confined to one ethnic group from Haryana region of India. We observed a homogeneous phenotypic expression of SCA7 mutation as described earlier and an earlier age of onset in our patients with CAG <49. The identification of pre-mutable allele in IE-N-LP2 suggests this population to be at the risk of SCA7. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (4) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mannose binding lectin (MBL) 2 gene polymorphism & its association with clinical manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients from western India |
p. 199 |
Vandana Pradhan, Prathamesh Surve, Anjali Rajadhyaksha, Vinod Rajendran, Manisha Patwardhan, Vinod Umare, Kanjaksha Ghosh, Anita Nadkarni DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155558 PMID:25900955Background & objectives : Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease characterized by production of autoantibodies. Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is an important element of the innate defense system. t0 he present study was undertaken to determine whether variant alleles in MBL2 gene were associated with disease severity in SLE patients.
Methods: The MBL alleles [-550, -221, +4, Codon 52, Codon 54 and Codon 57] were studied by PCR- RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) method in 100 SLE patients fulfilling ACR (American College of Rheumatology) criteria along with 100 healthy controls. SLE disease activity was evaluated using SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score.
Results: Homozygosity for MBL variant allele (O/O) was observed in 24 per cent of the SLE patients compared to 16 per cent of the normal controls, while no difference was found for heterozygosity (A/O) (37 vs 35%). A significant difference was reported in incidence of double heterozygosity for mutant allele B and D (B/D) among SLE patients as against control group ( p = 0.015). MBL genotypes did not show any association with renal involvement.
Interpretation & conclusions : In this study from western India, MBL gene polymorphism showed an influence as a possible risk factor for susceptibility to SLE, but had no direct effect on disease characteristics. Further studies need to be done on a larger number of SLE patients in different regions of the country. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (9) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Envelope specific T cell responses & cytokine profiles in chikungunya patients hospitalized with different clinical presentations |
p. 205 |
Anuradha S Tripathy, Babasaheb V Tandale, Saravana S Balaji, Supriya L Hundekar, Ashwini Y Ramdasi, Vidya A Arankalle DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155570 PMID:25900956Background & objectives : Since the 2006 massive outbreaks, chikungunya (CHIK) is a major public health concern in India. The aim of this study was to assess envelope specific immune responses in patients with chikungunya infection.
Methods: This study included 46 hospitalized patients with chikungunya virus infection (encephalitis, n=22, other systemic involvement, OSI, n=12, classical, n=12) and six controls from Ahmedabad city, Gujarat, India. T cell responses and the levels of Th1, pro/ anti-inflammatory cytokines against the CHIK virus envelope antigens were assessed by lymphocyte proliferation assay and by cytometric bead array in flow cytometry, respectively.
Results: Lymphoproliferative response was uniform among the patients. Comparisons of cytokines revealed significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 in encephalitis, OSI and classical patients versus controls. The levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were higher in classical patients categories compared to the controls. Interferon (IFN)-γ levels were lower in encephalitis patients versus control.
Interpretation & conclusions : Our findings showed recognition of T cell epitopes on the envelope region of chikungunya virus by all patient categories. Lower level of IFN-γ may be associated with the severity of disease in these patients. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (2) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Molecular characterization of hepatitis A virus strains in a tertiary care health set up in north western India |
p. 213 |
Mini Pritam Singh, Manasi Majumdar, Babu Ram Thapa, Puneet Kumar Gupta, Jasmine Khurana, Bimal Budhathoki, Radha Kanta Ratho DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155577 PMID:25900957Background & objectives: Hepatitis A virus usually causes acute viral hepatitis (AVH) in the paediatric age group with a recent shift in age distribution and disease manifestations like acute liver failure (ALF). This has been attributed to mutations in 5'non-translated region (5'NTR) which affects the viral multiplication. The present study was aimed to carry out the molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis A virus strains circulating in north western India.
Methods: Serum samples from in patients and those attending out patient department of Pediatric Gastroenterology in a tertiary care hospital in north India during 2007-2011 with clinically suspected AVH were tested for anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) IgM antibodies. Acute phase serum samples were subjected to nested PCR targeting the 5'NTR region followed by sequencing of the representative strains.
Results: A total of 1334 samples were tested, 290 (21.7%) were positive for anti-HAV IgM antibody. Of these, 78 serum samples (< 7 days old) were subjected to PCR and 47.4% (37/78) samples showed the presence of HAV RNA. Children < 15 yr of age accounted for majority (94%) of cases with highest seropositivity during rainy season. Sequencing of 15 representative strains was carried out and the circulating genotype was found to be III A. The nucleotide sequences showed high homology among the strains with a variation ranging from 0.1-1 per cent over the years. An important substitution of G to A at 324 position was shown by both AVH and ALF strains. The cumulative substitution in AVH strains Vs ALF strains as compared to GBM, Indian and prototype strain in the 200-500 region of 5' NTR was comparable.
Interpretation & conclusion: Our results showed hepatitis A still a disease of children with III A as a circulating genotype in this region. The mutations at 5'NTR region warrant further analysis as these affect the structure of internal ribosomal entry site which is important for viral replication. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (3) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antimalarial properties of SAABMAL ® : an ethnomedicinal polyherbal formulation for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria infection in the tropics |
p. 221 |
IC Obidike, B Amodu, MO Emeje DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155585 PMID:25900958Background & objectives: Malaria is a serious problem in the countries of the developing world. As the malaria parasite has become resistant to most of the antimalaria drugs available currently, there is a need to search for newer drugs. This study reports the pharmaceutical quality and in vivo antimalarial activities of a polyherbal formulation (SAABMAL ® ) used as malarial remedy in Nigeria.
Methods: The antiplasmodial activity of SAABMAL ® was determined by using the 4-day suppressive test in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. The formulation was tried on three different experimental animal models for in vivo antimalarial activities, which are prophylactic, suppressive and curative in mice. Chloroquine and pyrimethamine were used as standard drugs for comparison.
Results: The suppressive study showed that, SAABMAL ® (200 and 400 mg/kg/bw) significantly ( p <0.01) produced a suppression (29.39 - 100%) of parasitaemia in a dose-dependent manner, while the curative study showed that SAABMAL ® at 400 mg significantly ( p <0.01) reduced (95.80%) parasitaemia compared with controls. The mean survival time of SAABMAL ®-treated groups (100 and 200 mg/kg) was higher than that of the chloroquine-treated group. Histopathologically, no changes were found in the spleen of both untreated and treated groups. SAABMAL ® capsules were of good mechanical properties with low weight variation and high degree of content mass uniformity.
Interpretation & conclusions: The results obtained in this study showed the efficacy of SAABMAL ® , a herbal antimalarial formulation against chloroquine sensitive malaria and its potential use in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria infection. Further studies need to be done in humans to test its efficacy and safety for its potential use as an antimalarial drug. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Prevalence of tuberculosis in Faridabad district, Haryana State, India |
p. 228 |
SK Sharma, Ashish Goel, SK Gupta, Krishna Mohan, V Sreenivas, SK Rai, UB Singh, LS Chauhan DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155593 PMID:25900959Background & objectives : Epidemiological information on tuberculosis (TB) has always been vital for planning control strategies. It has now gained further importance for monitoring the impact of interventions to control the disease. The present study was done to estimate the prevalence of bacillary tuberculosis in the district of Faridabad in Haryana State of India among persons aged older than 15 years.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, residents of Faridabad district were assessed for the prevalence of tuberculosis. Twelve rural and 24 urban clusters with estimated populations of 41,106 and 64,827 individuals were selected for the study. Two sputum samples were collected from individuals found eligible for inclusion. The samples were also cultured by modified Petroff's method and were examined for growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis once a week for eight weeks. A person found positive by smear and/or culture was identified as sputum-positive pulmonary TB positive.
Results: A total of 105,202 subjects were enumerated in various clusters of the Faridabad district. There were 50,057 (47.58%) females and 55,145 (52.42%) males. Of these 98,599 (93.7%) were examined by the study group (47,976 females; 50,623 males). The overall prevalence of sputum smear or culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis in our study was found to be 101.4 per 100,000 population.
Interpretation & conclusions : The present results showed that the prevalence of sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis was higher in Faridabad district than the notification rates recorded by the World Health Organization for the contemporary period, a disparity that could be explained by a difference in case detection strategy employed for the study. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (8) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CORRESPONDENCES |
 |
|
|
|
Endometriosis: Ancient or modern disease? |
p. 236 |
Giuseppe Benagiano, Ivo Brosens, Donatella Lippi DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155594 PMID:25900960 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden ST1500 associated foodborne outbreak in Pune, India |
p. 239 |
Priyanka Jain, Suman Nandy, Renu Bharadwaj, Swapan Kumar Niyogi, Shanta Dutta DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155595 PMID:25900961 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (5) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spotted fever rickettsiosis in Uttar Pradesh |
p. 242 |
Mastan Singh, Jyotsna Agarwal, Chandra Dev Pati Tripathi, Chandra Kanta DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155596 PMID:25900962 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (1) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Matching for risk factors in case control studies |
p. 245 |
Kanica Kaushal DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155597 PMID:25900963 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authors' response |
p. 246 |
NH Ramzi, JK Chahil, SH Lye, K Metnam, KI Sahadevappa, S Velapasamy, N. A. N. Hashim, SK Cheah, G. C. C. Lim, H Hussein, MR Haron, L Alex, LW Ler DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155598 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CLINICAL IMAGES |
 |
|
|
 |
Herpes zoster complicating bortezomib therapy |
p. 247 |
Kamal Kant Sahu, Subhash Chander Varma DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155599 PMID:25900964 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (11) ] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Hughes syndrome with cerebral, skeletal infarction & retinal vein thrombosis |
p. 249 |
P Shanmuga Sundaram, S Padma DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155600 PMID:25900965 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Mass like lesions disappearing with treatment in a young patient |
p. 251 |
Kranti Garg, Varinder Saini DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.155601 PMID:25900966 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [PubMed] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
BOOK REVIEWS |
 |
|
|
|
Saliva: Secretion and functions |
p. 253 |
Mahesh Verma |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dermatologic principles and practice in oncology: Conditions of the skin, hair and nails in cancer patients |
p. 254 |
Uday Khopkar |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
TIA as acute cerebrovascular syndrome |
p. 255 |
MV Padma Srivastava |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|