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November 2007 Volume 126 | Issue 5
Page Nos. 409-495
Online since Friday, May 20, 2011
Accessed 5,556 times.
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EDITORIAL |
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A health perspective of indoor air pollution |
p. 409 |
SK Jindal PMID:18160742 |
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COMMENTARIES |
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External proficiency testing programme & quality of haematology tests in India |
p. 412 |
N Varma PMID:18160743 |
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Cognitive functioning in schizophrenia : its relevance to rehabilitation |
p. 414 |
R Thara, Anuradha PMID:18160744 |
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REVIEW ARTICLE |
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An update on newer β-lactamases  |
p. 417 |
V Gupta PMID:18160745The resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics is an increasing problem worldwide and beta lactamases production is the most common mechanism of drug resistance. Both global and Indian figures showed a marked increase in the number of beta-lactamases producing organisms. These enzymes extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are numerous and continuous mutation has led to the development of enzymes having expanded substrate profile. To date, there are more than 130 TEM type and more than 50 sulphydryl variable (SHV) type beta-lactamases found in Gram negative bacilli. ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae are, as a rule, resistant to all cephalosporins and extended spectrum penicillins including the monobactam, aztreonam, while resistance to trimethoprim - sulphamethaxazole and aminoglycosides is frequently co-transferred on the same plasmid. Many ESBL producing organisms also express Amp C beta-lactamases. Amp C- beta-lactamases are clinically significant, as these confer resistance to cephalosporins in the oxyimino group, 7 alpha-methoxy cephalosporins, and are poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid. Carbepenems are the drugs of choice for the treatment of infections caused by ESBL producing organisms but carbapenemases (MBLs) have emerged and have spread from Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Enterobacteriaceae. The routine clinical microbiology laboratories should employ simple methods to recognize these enzymes using various substrates and inhibitors. These organisms may lead to therapeutic dead ends. Presently, the therapy relies on beta-lactam/ beta-lactamases inhibitor combinations, carbepenems and piperacillin - tazobactam plus aminoglycoside combination. Proper infection control practices and barrier precautions are essential to contain the organisms producing beta-lactamases. |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
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Impact of external haematology proficiency testing programme on quality of laboratories |
p. 428 |
R Saxena, SC Katoch, U Srinivas, S Rao, H Anand PMID:18160746 |
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Cognitive functions in stable schizophrenia & euthymic state of bipolar disorder |
p. 433 |
JK Trivedi, D Goel, S Sharma, AP Singh, PK Sinha, R Tandon PMID:18160747 |
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Effect of pretreatment with chromium picolinate on haematological parameters during dengue virus infection in mice |
p. 440 |
R Shrivastava, R Nagar, GA Ravishankar, RK Upreti, UC Chaturvedi PMID:18160748 |
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A new strategy for elimination of kala-azar from rural Bihar |
p. 447 |
CP Thakur PMID:18160749 |
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Sputum conversion at the end of intensive phase of Category-1 regimen in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus or HIV infection : An analysis of risk factors |
p. 452 |
VV Banu Rekha, R Balasubramanian, S Swaminathan, R Ramachandran, F Rahman, V Sundaram, K Thyagarajan, N Selvakumar, AR Adhilakshmi, S Iliayas, PR Narayanan PMID:18160750 |
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Production & purification of a fibrinolytic enzyme (thrombinase) from Bacillus sphaericus |
p. 459 |
K Balaraman, G Prabakaran PMID:18160751 |
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SCA 1, SCA 2 & SCA 3/MJD mutations in ataxia syndromes in southern India |
p. 465 |
N Krishna, S Mohan, BS Yashavantha, A Rammurthy, HB Kiran Kumar, U Mittal, S Tyagi, M Mukerji, S Jain, Pramod Kumar Pal, M Purushottam PMID:18160752 |
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Effect of vitamin C on blood glucose, serum lipids & serum insulin in type 2 diabetes patients |
p. 471 |
M Afkhami-Ardekani, A Shojaoddiny-Ardekani PMID:18160753 |
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Prevalence of goitre in 6 -12 years school-going children of Panchmahal district in Gujarat, India |
p. 475 |
S Misra, SL Kantharia, JR Damor PMID:18160754 |
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Effect of NR-ANX-C (a polyherbal formulation) on haloperidol induced catalepsy in albino mice |
p. 480 |
V Nair, A Arjuman, P Dorababu, HN Gopalakrishna, U Chakradhar Rao, L Mohan PMID:18160755 |
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CORRESPONDENCES |
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Chronic kidney disease in India |
p. 485 |
C Shyam, V Sreenivas, KV Dakshinamurty PMID:18160756 |
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Detection of ESBLs using third & fourth generation cephalosporins in double disc synergy test |
p. 486 |
V Gupta, N Singla, J Chander PMID:18160757 |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
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Agar gel disk as an alternative to paper disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test. |
p. 488 |
VJ Katkar, SD Kapale PMID:18160758 |
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BOOK REVIEWS |
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Building foundations for eHealth, Progress of Member States, Report of the WHO Global Observatory for eHealth |
p. 490 |
K Ganapathy |
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Principles of pharmacology |
p. 491 |
BN Dhawan |
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Air quality guidelines: Global update 2005, Particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen, dioxide and sulfur dioxide |
p. 492 |
SK Jindal |
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SOME FORTHCOMING SCIENTIFIC EVENTS |
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Some forthcoming scientific events |
p. 494 |
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ANNOUNCEMENT |
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Announcement |
p. 495 |
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