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July 2006 Volume 124 | Issue 1
Page Nos. 1-118
Online since Friday, May 20, 2011
Accessed 5,638 times.
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EDITORIALS |
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Establish herd effect to interrupt wild poliovirus transmission |
p. 1 |
T Jacob John PMID:16926448 |
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Vaccine preservatives : what is the big deal? |
p. 5 |
C John Clements PMID:16926449 |
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COMMENTARIES |
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Molecular cytogenetics of recurrent missed abortions |
p. 9 |
I Lebedev PMID:16926450 |
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Chromosomal instability in bone marrow failure syndromes |
p. 11 |
V Babu Rao, Roshan B Colah PMID:16926451 |
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A new approach for sternotomy incision--a possibility for improved sternal wound healing |
p. 13 |
J Sjögren PMID:16926452 |
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REVIEW ARTICLES |
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Smoking, educational status and health inequity in India  |
p. 15 |
R Gupta PMID:16926453Health related behaviours, especially smoking and tobacco use, are major determinants of health and lead to health inequities. Smoking leads to acute respiratory diseases, tuberculosis and asthma in younger age groups and non communicable diseases such as chronic lung disease, cardiovascular diseases and cancer in middle and older age. We observed an inverse association of educational status with tobacco use (smoking and other forms) in western Indian State of Rajasthan. In successive cross-sectional epidemiological studies- the Jaipur Heart Watch (JHW)- in rural (JHWR; n=3148, men=1982), and urban subjects: JHW-1 (n=2212, men=1415), JHW-2 (n=1124, men=550) and JHW-3 (n=458, men=226), we evaluated various cardiovascular risk factors. The greatest tobacco consumption was observed among the illiterate and low educational status subjects (nil, 1-5, 6-10, >10 yr of formal education) as compared to more literate in men (JHW-R 60, 51, 46 and 36% respectively; JHW-1 44, 52, 30 and 18% JHW-2 54, 43, 29 and 24%; and JHW-3 50, 27, 25 and 25%) as well as women (Mantel Haenzel test, P for trend <0.05). In the illiterate subjects the odds ratios (OR) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (CI) for smoking or tobacco use as compared to the highest educational groups in rural (men OR 2.68, CI 2.02, 3.57; women OR 3.13, CI 1.22, 8.08) as well as larger urban studies- JHW-1 (men OR 2.47, CI 1.70, 3.60; women OR 13.78, CI 3.35, 56.75) and JHW-2 (men OR 3.81; CI 1.90, 7.66; women OR 13.73, CI 1.84, 102.45) were significantly greater (P<0.01). Smoking significantly correlated with prevalence of coronary heart disease and hypertension. Other recent Indian studies and national surveys report similar associations. Health ethicists argue that good education and health lead to true development in an underprivileged society. We propose that improving educational status, a major social determinant of health, can lead to appropriate health related behaviours and prevent the epidemics of non communicable diseases in developing countries. |
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Macrophage and dengue virus : friend or foe? |
p. 23 |
UC Chaturvedi, R Nagar, R Shrivastava PMID:16926454The cells of monocyte-macrophage (Mphi) lineage play important roles both in innate and adaptive immune responses. They are the first line of defence in body and their job is to phagocytose a foreign invader, the pathogen, digest it and remove it. Mphi help body in mounting the antigenspecific immune response by presenting the digested pathogen antigen in conjunction with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules to recruit B and T lymphocytes response. Usually Mphi succeed in their job of eliminating most pathogens from the body but sometimes the pathogen strikes a "friendship" with them and starts using them for its benefit. A number of pathogens, including dengue virus (DV), subvert Mphi and use them for their replication, increasing the severity of damage to the body. This duality may be related to the fact that Mphi serve as efficient host cell for DV replication, in addition to being responsible for innate immunity and for initiating adaptive immune responses. This review gives a brief overview of the various roles of Mphi (enmity and friendship) during dengue virus infection. |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
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Skewed sex ratio and low aneuploidy in recurrent early missed abortion |
p. 41 |
A Halder, A Fauzdar PMID:16926455 |
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Multiple constitutional aetiological factors in bone marrow failure syndrome (BMFS) patients from north India |
p. 51 |
N Varma, S Varma, Ram Kumar Marwaha, P Malhotra, D Bansal, K Malik, S Kaur, G Garewal PMID:16926456 |
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Comparison of straight sternotomy and interlocking sternotomy in open heart surgery |
p. 57 |
K Madan, Vishwa Prakash Gupta, R Singh, S Talwar, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, B Airan, A Sampath Kumar PMID:16926457 |
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Gross anatomy of the retrohepatic segment of the inferior vena cava in northwest Indians |
p. 63 |
D Sahni, Harjeet , YK Chawla, Indar Jit PMID:16926458 |
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Impact of BCG vaccination on tuberculin surveys to estimate the annual risk of tuberculosis infection in south India |
p. 71 |
PG Gopi, R Subramani, T Nataraj, PR Narayanan PMID:16926459 |
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Prevalence of primary drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mashhad, Iran |
p. 77 |
Mohammad H Namaei, A Sadeghian, M Naderinasab, M Ziaee PMID:16926460 |
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Protein antigen b (Pab) based PCR test in diagnosis of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis |
p. 81 |
SS Negi, R Anand, SF Basir, ST Pasha, S Gupta, S Khare, S Lal PMID:16926461 |
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Field performance of imidacloprid gel bait against German cockroaches (Dictyoptera : Blatellidae) |
p. 89 |
VK Agrawal, R Tilak PMID:16926462 |
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Emerging resistance to carbapenems in a tertiary care hospital in north India |
p. 95 |
E Gupta, S Mohanty, S Sood, B Dhawan, Bimal K Das, A Kapil PMID:16926463 |
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Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from ophthalmic and systemic infections and of commensal origin |
p. 99 |
Upendra K Kar, G Satpathy, N Nayak, BK Das, SK Panda PMID:16926464 |
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Predictive efficacy of nalidixic acid resistance as a marker of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica var Typhi |
p. 105 |
P Ray, J Sharma, Rungmei S Marak, RK Garg PMID:16926465 |
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CORRESPONDENCES |
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Antibiogram, phage typing and biotyping of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A from Rourkela, Orissa |
p. 109 |
U Das, SS Bhattacharya PMID:16926466 |
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BOOK REVIEWS |
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AIDS epidemic update: December 2005 |
p. 112 |
Sanjay Mehendale |
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Coffee and health |
p. 113 |
Ranjit Roy Chaudhury |
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SOME FORTHCOMING SCIENTIFIC EVENTS |
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Some forthcoming scientific events |
p. 115 |
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ANNOUNCEMENTS |
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Announcements |
p. 117 |
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BOOKS RECEIVED |
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Fuel for life: Household energy and health |
p. 118 |
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Framework for alcohol policy in the WHO European region |
p. 118 |
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